The Body’s Journey: How a Woman’s Body Transforms as She Ages
A woman's body undergoes a series of transformations throughout her lifetime, influenced by hormonal fluctuations and physiological changes. Here we explore the key stages of breast development, from puberty to post-menopause, and recommend the best bras for optimal comfort and support.
Puberty
Most girls begin puberty between the ages of 8 and 11, with breast growth being one of the most noticeable physical changes in this period. Breast buds tend to start developing between the ages of 8 and 13, and by age 17, breast development is usually complete. The first sign of breast development is when a small mound begins to form underneath the nipple and areola, known as breast buds. The breasts continue to grow larger as the glands and fatty tissue develop, and the areola also increases in size during this time. It’s normal to see stretch marks as the breasts grow in size, however these usually fade over time.
During the menstrual cycle, the breasts often swell in size and become tender and painful due to the increase in the hormones oestrogen and progesterone. Oestrogen rises in both the mid-follicular and mid-luteal phases of the cycle, stimulating the growth of milk ducts in the breasts. Progesterone rises in the luteal phase, after ovulation, and stimulates the formation of milk glands.
Training bras, bralettes, and sports bras are commonly recommended for adolescent females to provide both support and comfort during breast development.
Pregnancy
Breast changes are one of the earliest indicators of pregnancy. In the first trimester, the body's blood volume increases to facilitate foetal growth, which can cause the breasts to swell and grow. It is common to experience discomfort during this stage and for surface veins to become more prominent. Pregnancy hormones transform normal breast tissue into milk-producing tissue, which can also contribute to the increase in breast size.
In the second trimester, the areolas often darken in colour due to hormonal changes, and small bumps called Montgomery’s tubercles may appear on the surface to facilitate lubrication during breastfeeding. Some women may experience breast lumps during pregnancy, which are usually harmless and caused by blocked milk ducts or benign tumors. However, it is always important to consult a medical professional to rule out anything more serious. In the third trimester, the breasts may continue to grow in size, and stretch marks may become visible.
It’s important to note that physical changes to the breasts and nipples do not indicate a woman's ability to produce milk and breastfeed.
Maternity, nursing, and non-wired bras made of soft material are ideal during pregnancy as they offer support, comfort, and stretch. It’s normal for breasts to increase by at least one cup size, if not multiple, during pregnancy.
Postpartum and breastfeeding
Following pregnancy, breasts are likely to see an increase in size and tenderness. During pregnancy, the body produces colostrum, the first form of milk, which is a thick, yellow fluid. At around 2-4 days postpartum, the breasts begin to produce breast milk, which can cause the breasts to become engorged and sensitive. It’s common to experience leaking as the breasts continue to produce milk, and the areolas that may have darkened in colour during pregnancy can often start to lighten in colour again.
It’s recommended to wear a well-fitting maternity or nursing bra to fully support the breasts as they change in size and weight. It’s helpful to attend a bra fitting to avoid wearing one that is too small and potentially putting pressure on the milk ducts and causing blockages. Insertable breast pads are especially useful if you experience milk leaking postpartum.
Menopause
Most women begin menopause between the ages of 45 and 55, but it can also happen a lot earlier. As hormone levels in the body change, so can breast shape, size, texture, and feel.
One of the most common changes during menopause is a reduction in breast tissue density as the mammary glands shrink and connective tissue becomes less elastic, which can cause an overall change in breast size. Due to the breasts losing volume and density, normal lumps and bumps may become more visible.
Another common symptom of menopause and perimenopause (the period shortly before the menopause) is hot flushes. A hot flush is a sudden feeling of intense heat that spreads through various parts of the body. This symptom is often accompanied by sweating, especially while asleep.
Studies have shown that around 1 in 5 women need a new bra size after menopause, with the majority needing a larger size (often due to fluctuations in weight, a common side effect of menopause). Therefore, it’s important to have measurements re-taken. Supportive sports bras made of comfortable, breathable material are ideal during the menopause as they offer support but allow for changes in breast density and shape. Thermal regulating and sweat-proof bras specifically designed for the menopause are ideal.
Post-menopause
Due to the low levels of oestrogen in the body post-menopause and the milk systems being replaced with fat, the breasts will have less volume and be softer to the touch. It’s common for breasts to sag due to their reduced elasticity and for the gap between the breasts to widen. Changes to nipple and areola size are also to be expected.
Supportive bras with wide straps are perfect for post-menopause, as the support helps prevent skin chafing and the wide straps reduce tension on the shoulders, neck, and back. Front closure bras or bodysuits with built-in bra support are a good option if mobility is limited.
It's normal for a woman's breasts to change shape and size over time, and while these transformations are natural, it's important to be aware of any unusual changes, such as lumps, discharge, or skin changes. If you notice any of these symptoms, consult your healthcare provider for a thorough examination.
A well-fitting bra provides the support and lift needed to feel comfortable and beautiful at every stage of life.